TERMS OF ADDRESS IN ARABIC AT THE ARAB COMMUNITY IN MEDAN CITY AND THEIR INFLUENCES IN THE INDONESIAN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

Arabic language influences Indonesian vocabulary in term of borrowing words from Arabic, thus adding vocabulary to Indonesian. Vocabulary address form in Arabic are: ummi, abi, jid, jiddah, khale, khalati, amme, ammeh, ane, ente, antum, ustadz, ustadzah, mu'allimah, habib, bin, binti, akhi, ukhti, buya and the other. This is a field research and literature study aimed to explore terms of address in Arabic at the Arab community in Medan city and their influence in the Indonesian language development in Medan. This is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach that reveals facts, circumstances, phenomena which occur. This research conducted and presented data as it was, especially regarding to addressing terms used in the Arab Community city of Medan.

Introduction mentioned by other communities in Indonesia.The Arabic speaker phenomenon in Medan contributes in enriching the Indonesian culture as a nation which has diverse cultures. The diverse cultures consist of a variety of local cultures which are influenced by outside including the Arab culture.

Method
This is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach that reveals facts, circumstances, phenomena which occur. This research conducted and presented data as it was, especially regarding to addressing terms used in the Arab Community city of Medan. This community inhabits the city area of Medan in various sub-districts, including the sub-districts of Medan Kota, Medan Timur, Medan Area, Medan Petisah and others.
The process of analyzing research data involved standard ways. Starting with distributing questionnaires to the Arabs community, the results of the questionnaire were then sorted into categories of address of terms between interlocutors. To complete the data, the researcher interviewed several community leaders to reexamine the results of observations. These observations researchers do on family ceremonials such as wedding's parties starting from: the Engagement, Khataman, Ijab Kabul, Handolo Night. In addition, the research observations were also organized at religious lecture program (perwiridan), khitanan and social gatherings. Data from all observations of researchers were recorded and videotaped. To validate data, Indonesian dictionary (KBBI) was also used. The loadwords from Arabic language were then sorted into general terms of words. However, the researcher stayed focused on the terms of address they used in these ceremonials.

Result and Discussion Terms of Address in Arabic Language
Welcoming or greeting someone with polite and familiar greetings is normal for someone to other people. It is also aimed to foster social relations and attracting interlocutors to interact with each other. O'Grady and Dobrovolsky (1997) state the address forms is a greeting to the second person in the form of vocative (appeal, invitation or call) or pronominal form (you're, you, thou). Address forms are the words speakers use to choose the person they are talking to while theyare talking to them. In most languages they are two mains kinds of address form: name and second person's pronoun Address forms are really part of complete semantic systems having to do with social relationships (Fasold, 1993).
Each ethnic, nation in the world has a diversity of address forms vocabulary, and has a distinctive characteristic each likes an opinion Susanto (2014) Address terms becomes an important tool in communication in Javanese society as it used to choose the person they are talking to, to show the possession of formal and informal manners and consideration of the people, to express his or her feelings of respect, solidarity, intimacy, and familiarity to the other people, and to support social relation that occurs in daily life.
Hierarchical and solidarity interpersonal relationships exist in any society, but the extent to which they are associated with the native speaker's socio-cultural and linguistic sensitivity varies from language to language. the usages of address and reference terms in American English Title sequence ' (HonT& PT): e. g., Mr. President, Mr. Chairman Title alone (GT/ PT/KT) : e.g., sir, ma'am, miss, professor, doctor, colonel, grandfather, mother.Title & last name (PT & LN or HonT& LN): e.g., President Reagan, Professor Bender, Mrs. Martin.Last name alone (LN): e.g., Reagan, Bender, Martin. Full first name (FFN): e.g., Samuel, Eveline. Nickname(Nn): e.g., Sam, Eve. Affectionate nickname (AfNn): e.g., Sammy, Evie. Hijirida dan Sohn (1983: 139 dan 144). Braun (1988:9) agree with Hijrida and Son that noun of address are substantives and adjectives which designate collocutor or refer to them in some other way. This class comprises the most diverse types some of which shall here be mentioned because of their frequency. First, names belong to the nominal repertory of address in all kinds of languages. Secondly, kinship terms are terms for blood relations and for affine. Third, general forms which need not regard as particular titles and are common use and combinatory or social characteristics. Fourth, there is no unanimity about what should being classified as a title, achieved by appointment (such as doctor, major), or are inheriting (such as Count, Duke). The term address is no longer found in the Arab community at this time. Fifth, abstract noun are forms of address which originally referred to some abstract quality of the addressee, e.g., (your) Excellency, (your) Grace, (your) Honor. Sixth, to a great or lesser extent, occupational term designating an addressee's profession or function serve as forms of address, e.g., English waiter, French chauffeur, Russian voditel 'driver'. Seventh, words for certain types of relation are used as forms of address in many languages, e.g., Turkish arkadas 'friend', Arabic zari' neighbor'. Eighth, terms of endearment are defining by context and function than formal or semantic characteristic. In addressing small children or persons to whom the speaker feels close, almost any noun-whether previously exiting or invented for this purpose-can serve as a form of address. Ninth, some forms of address define addressee's as father brother, wife or daughter of someone else by expressing the addressee's. Such forms are, e.g., Arabic abu A:li 'father of Ali, bint Ahmed' daughter of Ahmed.
Analysis of the results of research on the Arab Community in the city of Medan on the use of address forms based on Braun's opinion as follows: 1. Personal Name Arab community in Medan City is descendants of immigrants from the Hadramaut Yemen Arabian Peninsula where Islamic religion is taught by Rasulullah SAW. Therefore, Islam became a belief in carrying out daily worship rituals obediently. Obedience was also manifested in the form of giving names to their nasab with good names accordance with the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad pbuh. in the following hadis Basyarahil (1992) :
The relation of the terms of word in the kinship system can be seen in the al-'asyi> rah kinship system. Al-'Asyi> rah is ta reference to the term clan in the Arabic tradition. The clans or surname is a very central aspect in the life of the Arab ethnic community. The name of the clan is a hereditary tradition that is preserved as an Arab ethnic self-identity (Kafaabillah, 2018). This proves that the kinship system adopted by the Arabs is strengthened by the Islamic religion (al-Qur'an), Suri (2017). The term 'asyi> rah can be seen in the Qur'an written 3 times in the q.s al-Muja> dilah (58): 22, ash-Syu'ara> ' (26): 214 and at-Taubah (9): 24 According to Sibarani (2004), clan names "surname/Relative name" is the name given to a person automatically based on the kinship of unilinear or the genealogical lineage patrilineal from one ancestor. The clan names of Arab community in the city of Medan are Abdat, Abdul Azis, Al-Attas, al-Habsy, Badres, Balatif, Baodan, Madi, Mazroq, al-Mahdaly, Assegaf, Bahajaj, and Ya'gub.
Although in Islam there is no difference in human status except in term of faith, things do not always go well in the culture of Arab society. In the past, the Arab communities are classified into 5 groups, namely 1) Sada group (plural of sayyid) of the descendants of al-Husayn, the grandson of the prophet Muhammad with the title habib, 2) the sharif group with the title munsib descent of al-Hasan, 3) The Qabaal group, (the aristocrat group), 3) the middle group (traders, farmers, craftsmen, etc.), 4) the Da'fa and Masakin groups (van de Berg, 1989).
But when the stratification has increasingly blurred, the current realization of a person's kinship is respected not by class but judging by the leader and expert, especially religious knowledge that is benefiting to society and in the Arab community in particular (Suri, 2017).
3. Titles Variants have to be distinguish from formal, combinatary, or social characteristics are common use in other word honorable words what we call titles e.g: sayyid, habib, Abstract noun are form of address which originally referred to some abstract quality of the addressee, or pronoun, e.g ente, antum.
5. Words for certain types of relation are used as forms of address in many languages, e.g.
6. Terms of endearment are defined by context and function rather than formal or semantic characteristic, e.g: habiby, humaira.
7. Some forms of address define addressees as father brother, wife or daughter of someone else by expressing the addressee's. The Arabism especially in the Arabian Peninsula, call a person's name to attach it to the name of the child being called. The term is called al-Kunyah. E.g., ummi Fatimah, abu Ahmad etc.
The following nouns are not included in the category written by Braun, but he only explains it in the description of his writing.
8. Address inversion is the use of a term, mostly a kinship terms which does not express the addressee's, but the speakers role in the dyad. In Arabic a senior male unknown to the speaker can be address as hale, halaty, Ame, Ameh. However, this community uses the terms address for kinship from fathers and mothers line. 9. Reciprocity and symmetry. It's address when two speakers exchange the same forms of address or called by pronoun in Arabic dhami> r. The pronoun is only by the community in prayer sentences not in term of address.

Arabic Addressing Forms Enriching Indonesia Vocabularies
Indonesian language is one of the elements of Indonesian national identity mentioned in Article 36 of the 1945 Constitution Chapter XV is the language of the state is Indonesian (bahasa Indonesia). At the beginning of the Indonesian language grew and developed from the Malay language that is language as Lingua Franca. Then the Indonesian language was confirmed as the unifying language of the nation with of the Youth Pledge of year 1928, which continuously experienced dynamics of language growth and development in accordance with the movements of the nation's struggle.